CO2地质封存是减少碳排放和减缓气候变暖的一种有效措施。本文综述了CO2地质封存研究的内容、方法、手段及其相关理论和研究成果。阐述CO2地质封存的四种碳封存机制背后的物理、地球化学过程，CO2注入试验饱和度分布和渗透率的关系等；简要介绍了岩心驱替试验装置和岩石物理分析和化学分析方法及有关参数的计算。指出现有研究存在岩心–次岩心尺度的微观实验研究和反应性迁移模拟研究不足等问题。

CO2 capture and geologic storage (CCGS) is regarded as an effective strategy for reduction of anthropogenic carbon release and mitigation of global warming. Typical methodologies and theories regarding CCGS laboratory investigation are reviewed. The coupled physical-geochemical processes in relation to four mechanisms of CO2 geologic sequestration are introduced. Findings from core flood experiments such as relationship between CO2 saturation and permeability are included. Multiphase flow apparatus with procedures for laboratory investigation are introduced. A collection of methodologies (equations) for calculation of CCGS-related physical parameters are presented, followed by a brief introduction of petrophysical characterization and geochemical tests. Problems or research opportunities are discussed regarding the current CCGS laboratory work. The paper ends up with suggestion remarks.