本文分别以树脂包覆天然石墨（RCNG）、人造石墨（AG）和中间相碳微球（MCMB）为负极材料，制备了三种不同的圆柱形磷酸铁锂（LiFePO4）动力电池。通过X射线衍射分析仪（XRD）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对材料的晶体结构与形貌进行表征，并采用多种手段测试了各动力电池的电化学性能。结果显示，磷酸铁锂/中间相碳微球（LFP/MCMB）电池表现出较为优异的电化学低温、倍率和循环性能，其在 −20℃下的1 C容量保持率为61.04%，6 C高倍率容量保持率和温升分别为87.52%和24.8℃，3 C循环1 000次后容量保持率为93.81%。

Three different cylindrical lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) power batteries were fabricated by using resin-coated natural graphite (RCNG), artificial graphite (AG) and mesophase carbon microbeads (MCMB) as negative material, respectively. Crystalline structure and morphology of the materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction analyzer (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical performance of each power battery was tested by various charge/discharge means. The results showed that the lithium iron phosphate/mesophase carbon microbeads (LFP/MCMB) battery exhibited better electrochemical performance in low temperature, rate and cycle performance. It remained 61.04% of 1 C capacity retention at −20°C, capacity retention and temperature elevation at 6 C high-rate were respectively 87.52% and 24.8°C, and capacity retention at 3 C rate was 93.81% after 1 000 cycles.