烘焙对生物质热化学转化特性影响的研究进展

胡双清; 王亚琢; 刁兴兴; 顾  菁; 袁浩然

doi:10.3969/j.issn.2095-560X.2018.01.005

新能源进展 >

2018 , Vol. 6 >Issue 1: 26 - 35

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.2095-560X.2018.01.005

论文

烘焙对生物质热化学转化特性影响的研究进展

胡双清 ,
王亚琢 ,
刁兴兴 ,
顾菁 ,
袁浩然

展开

1. 中国科学院广州能源研究所，广州 510640；
2. 中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室，广州 510640；
3. 广东省新能源和可再生能源研究开发与应用重点实验室，广州 510640；
4. 广东工业大学，广州 511400；
5. 深圳市利赛实业发展有限公司，广东深圳 518000

胡双清（1992-），男，硕士研究生，主要从事可燃固废热化学转化研究。

收稿日期: 2017-09-27

修回日期: 2017-11-26

网络出版日期: 2018-02-28

基金资助

国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（51606200）；
中国科学院青年创新促进会项目（2014320）；
“广东特支计划”科技青年拔尖人才项目（2014TQ01Z379）；
江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室开放基金项目（JSBEM201609）；
广东省省级科技计划项目（2017A010104021，2015B090904009）

收起

Progress in the Effect of Torrefaction on Thermochemical Properties of Biomass

HU Shuang-qing ,
WANG Ya-zhuo ,
DIAO Xing-xing ,
GU Jing ,
YUAN Hao-ran

Expand

1. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China;
2. CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, China;
3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New and Renewable Energy Research and Development, Guangzhou 510640, China;
4. Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 511400, China;
5. Shenzhen City Industrial Development Co. Pharisees, Shenzhen 518000, Guangdong, China

Received date: 2017-09-27

Revised date: 2017-11-26

Online published: 2018-02-28

Fold

摘要

生物质是可再生能源的重要组成部分，储量巨大，但其含水量高、能量密度和热值低等缺点致使其研磨难度大、存储运输不便，难以资源化利用。本文对烘焙预处理技术的过程及特点、能耗分析和较为理想的烘焙标准进行了简述；并重点阐述了烘焙对生物质燃烧、热解和气化特性影响的研究进展。经烘焙处理后的生物质在炉膛内可快速、稳定燃烧，炉内温度迅速升高，产生的烟气量减少；热解产生的生物质焦油中水和乙酸含量明显减少，苯酚含量增加，热值总体升高；气化合成气品质明显提升，能量密度增大，总气化效率显著提高。此外，对烘焙预处理技术在城市固体废弃物处理的应用进行了简要的概述，并对其在生物质和城市固体废弃物研究方向上进行了展望。

关键词： 生物质; 烘焙; 燃烧; 热解; 气化; 城市固体废弃物

本文引用格式

胡双清 , 王亚琢 , 刁兴兴 , 顾菁 , 袁浩然 . 烘焙对生物质热化学转化特性影响的研究进展[J]. 新能源进展, 2018 , 6(1) : 26 -35 . DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-560X.2018.01.005

Abstract

Biomass is one important part of renewable energy with huge reserves, but difficult to grind, store and transport, and utilize due to its high water content, low energy density and low calorific value. In this paper, the process and characteristics of torrefaction pretreatment technology, energy consumption analysis and the ideal torrefaction standards were briefly described. The research progress of torrefaction effect on biomass combustion, pyrolysis and gasification were highlighted. After the torrefaction process, the biomass can be burned quickly and stably in the furnace, the temperature rose rapidly and the flue gas volume reduced; the water and acetic acid content in the biomass tar dramatically decreased, the phenol content increased, and the overall calorific value increased. The synthesis gas quality was enhanced, and the energy density increased, the total gasification efficiency was significantly improved. Moreover, the research progress in pretreatment technology for torrefaction of urban solid waste was briefly discussed. A new prospect in the research direction of biomass and urban solid waste pretreatment technology for torrefaction was also presented.

Key words： biomass; torrefaction; combustion; pyrolysis; gasification; municipal solid waste

参考文献

[1] RICHTER P, WAGNER G. Synthesis of antiproteolytically active 3,5-bis(4-amidinobenzyl)-and 3,5-bis(4-amidinobenzylidene)-4-piperidone derivatives [J]. pharmazie, 1980, 35(2): 75-77.
[2] 饶雨舟, 卢志民, 简杰, 等. 生物质烘焙技术的研究和应用进展[J]. 化学与生物工程, 2017, 34(3): 7-10, 30. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-5425.2017.03.002.
[3] BRIDGWATER A V. Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading[J]. Biomass and bioenergy, 2012, 38: 68-94. DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.01.048.
[4] MEDIC D, DARR M, SHAH A, et al. Effects of torrefaction process parameters on biomass feedstock upgrading[J]. Fuel, 2012, 91(1): 147-154. DOI: 10.1016/ j.fuel.2011.07.019.
[5] MENG J J, PARK J, TILOTTA D, et al. The effect of torrefaction on the chemistry of fast-pyrolysis bio-oil[J]. Bioresource technology, 2012, 111: 439-446. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.01.159.
[6] 陈应泉, 杨海平, 朱波, 等. 农业秸秆烘焙特性及对其产物能源特性的影响[J]. 农业机械学报, 2012, 43(4): 75-82. DOI: 10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2012.04.016.
[7] 郝宏蒙, 杨海平, 刘汝杰, 等. 烘焙对典型农业秸秆吸水性能的影响[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2013, 33(8): 90-94. DOI：10.13334/j.0258-8013.pcsee.2013.08.015.
[8] WITCZAK M, WALKOWIAK M, CICHY W. Pre-treatment of biomass by torrefaction-preliminary studies[J]. Drewno, 2011, 54(185): 89-96.
[9] 杨秋, 王亚琢, 林镇荣, 袁浩然, 顾菁, 等, 烘焙在城市生活垃圾中的应用前景[J]. 新能源进展, 2017, 5 (3):218-225.
[10] 胡晨, 吴晋沪, 方云明. 基于差示扫描量热技术的生物质低温烘焙过程吸热量研究[J]. 可再生能源, 2010, 28(6): 40-44. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-5292.2010.06.010.
[11] USLU A, FAAIJ A P C, BERGMAN P C A. Pre-treatment technologies, and their effect on international bioenergy supply chain logistics. Techno-economic evaluation of torrefaction, fast pyrolysis and pelletisation[J]. Energy, 2008, 33(8): 1206-1223. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2008.03.007.
[12] 刘华敏, 马明国, 刘玉兰. 预处理技术在生物质热化学转化中的应用[J]. 化学进展, 2014, 26(1): 203-213. DOI: 10.7536/PC130602.
[13] HE F, YI W M, BAI X Y. Investigation on caloric requirement of biomass pyrolysis using TG-DSC analyzer[J]. Energy conversion and management, 2006, 47(15/16): 2461-2469.DOI:10.1016/j.enconman.2005.11.011.
[14] ARTIAGA R, NAYA S, GARCÍA A, et al. Subtracting the water effect from DSC curves by using simultaneous TGA data[J]. Thermochimica acta, 2005, 428(1/2): 137-139. DOI: 10.1016/j.tca.2004.11.016.
[15] CHEN D Y, ZHANG D, ZHU X F. Heat/mass transfer characteristics and nonisothermal drying kinetics at the first stage of biomass pyrolysis[J]. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry, 2012, 109(2): 847-854. DOI: 10.1007/s10973-011-1790-4.
[16] 陈勇, 陈登宇, 孙琰, 等. 烘焙脱氧预处理对生物质秸秆燃料品质的影响[J]. 科学技术与工程, 2015, 15(11): 205-209. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-1815.2015.11.038.
[17] CHEW J J, DOSHI V. Recent advances in biomass pretreatment-torrefaction fundamentals and technology[J]. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 2011, 15(8): 4212-4222. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2011.09.017.
[18] PHANPHANICH M, MANI S. Impact of torrefaction on the grindability and fuel characteristics of forest biomass[J]. Bioresource technology, 2011, 102(2): 1246-1253. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.028.
[19] 邢献军, 范方宇, 施苏薇, 等. 玉米秸秆成型颗粒烘焙工艺优化及产品质量分析[J]. 过程工程学报, 2017, 17(3): 545-550. DOI: 10.12034/j.issn.1009-606X.216289.
[20] NHUCHHEN D R, BASU P, ACHARYA B. A comprehensive review on biomass torrefaction[J]. International Journal of Rewable Energy and Bofuel, 2014: 1-56.
[21] 凌云逸, 孙锲, WENNERSTEN W. 生物质原料烘焙预处理研究[J]. 能源与环境, 2015(4): 85-87. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-9064.2015.04.041.
[22] GONG C X, HUANG J, FENG C, et al. Effects and mechanism of ball milling on torrefaction of pine sawdust[J]. Bioresource technology, 2016, 214: 242-247. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.062.
[23] COUHERT C, SALVADOR S, COMMANDRÉ J M. Impact of torrefaction on syngas production from wood[J]. Fuel, 2009, 88(11): 2286-2290. DOI: 10.1016/ j.fuel.2009.05.003.
[24] PRINS M J, PTASINSKI K J, JANSSEN F J J G. Torrefaction of wood: Part 1. Weight Loss kinetics[J]. Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 2006, 77(1): 28-34. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2006.01.002.
[25] PENTANANUNT R, RAHMAN A N M M, BHATTACHARYA S C. Upgrading of biomass by means of torrefaction[J]. Energy, 1990, 15(12): 1175-1179. DOI: 10.1016/0360-5442(90)90109-F.
[26] 朱波, 王贤华, 杨海平, 等. 农业秸秆烘焙热分析[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2011, 31(20): 121-126.
[27] CHEN W H, CHENG W Y, LU K M, et al. An evaluation on improvement of pulverized biomass property for solid fuel through torrefaction[J]. Applied energy, 2011, 88(11): 3636-3644. DOI:10.1016/j.apenergy.2011.03.040.
[28] LASEK J A, KOPCZY?SKI M, JANUSZ M, et al. Combustion properties of torrefied biomass obtained from flue gas-enhanced reactor[J]. Energy, 2017, 119: 362-368. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.12.079.
[29] BRIDGEMAN T G, JONES J M, WILLIAMS A, et al. An investigation of the grindability of two torrefied energy crops[J]. Fuel, 2010, 89(12): 3911-3918. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2010.06.043.
[30] BRIDGEMAN T G, JONES J M, SHIELD I, et al. Torrefaction of reed canary grass, wheat straw and willow to enhance solid fuel qualities and combustion properties[J]. Fuel, 2008, 87(6): 844-856. DOI: 10.1016/ j.fuel.2007.05.041.
[31] BERGMAN P C A, BOERSMA A R, ZWART R W R, et al. Torrefaction for biomass co-firing in existing coal-fired power stations“BIOCOAL”[R]. Dutch: Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands, 2005.
[32] LI J, BRZDEKIEWICZ A, YANG W H, et al. Co-firing based on biomass torrefaction in a pulverized coal boiler with aim of 100% fuel switching[J]. Applied energy, 2012,99: 344-354. DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2012.05.046.
[33] 张燕. 烘焙预处理及后成型制备高品质生物质固体燃料研究[D]. 哈尔滨: 东北林业大学, 2016: 3.
[34] 吕高金. 玉米秆及其主要组分的热解规律与生物油特征组分的定量分析[D]. 广州: 华南理工大学, 2012.
[35] CHEN D Y, ZHENG Z C, FU K X, et al. Torrefaction of biomass stalk and its effect on the yield and quality of pyrolysis products[J]. Fuel, 2015, 159: 27-32. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2015.06.078.
[36] ZHENG A Q, ZHAO Z L, CHANG S, et al. Effect of torrefaction temperature on product distribution from two-staged pyrolysis of biomass[J]. Energy & fuels, 2012, 26(5): 2968-2974. DOI: 10.1021/ef201872y.
[37] WIGLEY T, YIP A C K, PANG S S. Pretreating biomass via demineralisation and torrefaction to improve the quality of crude pyrolysis oil[J]. Energy, 2016, 109: 481-494. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2016.04.096.
[38] 杨晴, 梅艳阳, 郝宏蒙, 等. 烘焙对生物质热解产物特性的影响[J]. 农业工程学报, 2013, 29(20): 214-219. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2013.20.028.
[39] YUE Y, SINGH H, SINGH B, et al. Torrefaction of sorghum biomass to improve fuel properties[J]. Bioresource technology, 2017, 232: 372-379. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.060.
[40] 郑安庆, 赵增立, 江洪明, 等. 松木预处理温度对生物油特性的影响[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2012, 40(1): 29-36. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2409.2012.01.005.
[41] CHEN D Y, ZHANG H R, LIU D, et al. Effect of torrefaction temperature on biomass pyrolysis using TGA and Py-GC/MS[C]//Asia-Pacific Energy Equipment Engineering Research Conference. 2015.
[42] CHEN D Y, CEN K H, JING X C, et al. An approach for upgrading biomass and pyrolysis product quality using a combination of aqueous phase bio-oil washing and torrefaction pretreatment[J]. Bioresource technology, 2017,233:150-158. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.02.120.
[43] CHEN D Y, LI Y J, DENG M S, et al. Effect of torrefaction pretreatment and catalytic pyrolysis on the pyrolysis poly-generation of pine wood[J]. Bioresource technology,2016,214:615-622.DOI:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.04.058.
[44] ZHANG S P, HU B, ZHANG L, et al. Effects of torrefaction on yield and quality of pyrolysis char and its application on preparation of activated carbon[J]. Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 2016, 119: 217-223. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2016.03.002.
[45] Zhang S P, CHEN T, XIONG Y Q, et al. Effects of wet torrefaction on the physicochemical properties and pyrolysis product properties of rice husk[J]. Energy conversion and management, 2017, 141: 403-409. DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2016.10.002.
[46] 陈涛, 张书平, 李弯，熊源泉 ,等. 酸洗-烘焙预处理对生物质热解产物的影响[J]. 2017, 36(2): 506-512. DOI: 10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2017.02.015.
[47] 施勇. 秸秆类生物质低温热解及混合气化的研究[J]. 上海化工, 2010, 35(8): 6-11. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004- 017X.2010.08.002.
[48] KIM Y H, LEE S M, LEE H W, et al. Physical and chemical characteristics of products from the torrefaction of yellow poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera)[J]. Bioresource technology, 2012, 116: 120-125. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech. 2012.04.033.
[49] BROSTROM M, NORDIN A, POMMER L, et al. Influence of torrefaction on the devolatilization and oxidation kinetics of wood[J]. Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 2012, 96: 100-109. DOI: 10.1016/ j.jaap.2012.03.011.
[50] WANNAPEERA J, FUNGTAMMASAN B, WORASUWANNARAK N. Effects of temperature and holding time during torrefaction on the pyrolysis behaviors of woody biomass[J]. Journal of analytical and applied pyrolysis, 2011, 92(1): 99-105. DOI: 10.1016/j.jaap.2011. 04.010.
[51] 宋春财, 胡浩权, 朱盛维, 等. 生物质秸秆热重分析及几种动力学模型结果比较[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2003, 31(4): 311-316. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2409.2003.04. 005.
[52] 朱锡锋, 陆强, 郑冀鲁, 等. 生物质热解与生物油的特性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2006, 27(12): 1285-1290. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0254-0096.2006.12.018.
[53] 陈冠益, 高文学, 马文超. 生物质制氢技术的研究现状与展望[J]. 太阳能学报, 2006, 27(12): 1276-1284. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0254-0096.2006.12.017.
[54] 崔小勤, 常杰, 王铁军, 等. 生物质燃气催化重整净化的特性研究[J]. 太阳能学报, 2006, 27(7): 666-671.
[55] PRINS M J. Thermodynamic analysis of biomass gasification and torrefaction[D]. Eindhoven: Eindhoven University of Technology, 2005.
[56] 王贵军. 用于混合气化的生物质烘焙预处理的实验研究[D]. 上海: 上海交通大学, 2010.
[57] 赵辉, 周劲松, 曹小伟, 等. 生物质烘焙预处理对气流床气化的影响[J]. 太阳能学报, 2008, 29(12): 1578-1586. DOI: 10.3321/j.issn:0254-0096.2008.12.024.
[58] 邓剑, 罗永浩, 王贵军, 等. 稻秆的烘焙预处理及其固体产物的气化反应性能[J]. 燃料化学学报, 2011, 39(1): 26-32. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.0253-2409.2011.01.005.
[59] SAEED M A, AHMAD S W, KAZMI M, et al. Impact of torrefaction technique on the moisture contents, bulk density and calorific value of briquetted biomass[J]. Polish journal of chemical technology, 2015, 17(2): 23-28. DOI: 10.1515/pjct-2015-0024.
[60] PRINS M J, PTASINSKI K J, JANSSEN F J J G. More efficient biomass gasification via torrefaction[J]. Energy, 2006, 32(15): 3458-3470. DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2006. 03.008.
[61] CRNOMARKOVIC N, REPIC B, MLADENOVIC R, et al. Experimental investigation of role of steam in entrained flow coal gasification[J]. Fuel, 2007, 86(1/2): 194-202. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2006.06.015.
[62] 陈青, 周劲松, 刘炳俊, 等. 烘焙预处理对生物质气化工艺的影响[J]. 科学通报, 2010, 55(36): 3437-3443.
[63] ZHOU H, MENG A H, LONG Y Q, et al. An overview of characteristics of municipal solid waste fuel in China: physical, chemical composition and heating value[J]. Renewable and sustainable energy reviews, 2014, 36: 107-122. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2014.04.024.
[64] 宋爽, 黄经春, 乔瑜,徐明厚,等. 烘焙对典型厨余垃圾固体燃料特性和热解特性的影响[C]//中国工程热物理学会燃烧学学术会议. 2016.
[65] 陈国艳, 曾纪进, 杨庆昌. 城市生活垃圾典型组分的热解特性研究[J]. 工业炉, 2012, 34(6): 39-41, 45. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-6988.2012.06.012.
[66] 黄云龙, 郭庆杰, 田红景, 等. 餐厨垃圾热解实验研究[J]. 高校化学工程学报, 2012, 26(4): 721-728.
[67] POUDEL J, OHM T I, OH S C. A study on torrefaction of food waste[J]. Fuel, 2015, 140: 275-281. DOI: 10.1016/j.fuel.2014.09.120.
[68] MIRANDA R, YANG J, ROY C, et al. Vacuum pyrolysis of PVC I. kinetic study[J]. Polymer degradation and stability, 1999, 64(1): 127-44. DOI: 10.1016/S0141-3910 (98)00186-4.
[69] YUAN H R, WANG Y Z, KOBAYASHI N, et al. Study of fuel properties of torrefied municipal solid waste[J]. Energy & fuels, 2015, 29(8): 4976-4980. DOI: 10.1021/ ef502277u.

Options

文章导航

模态框（Modal）标题

摘要

本文引用格式

Abstract

参考文献