从聚光原理、光学计算、硬件设计,到安装与调试,详细介绍了点聚焦太阳炉的研制过程。根据当地用户的需求和太阳能资源,通过自行设计的光学软件,计算出典型日一次反光定日镜在二次聚光器截光口平面上的照射情况、二次聚光器的最佳焦距以及焦平面焦点处的峰值热功率。模块化设计的一次反光定日镜,不仅降低了制造成本,提高了生产效率,简化了一次反光定日镜的整体支架,同时给运输和安装带来了方便。单元反光镜反光面采用12点支撑,为定日镜的单元镜面调平创造了条件。同样采用模块化设计的二次聚光器,有利于制造成本的降低,方便运输和现场安装。反光镜单元面型可调,大大增强了点聚焦太阳炉参数的适应性。通过样机研制,验证了设计方法的可行性。
In this paper, a detail introduction to the manufacturing procedure of the point-focused solar furnace was presented from four parts: focusing principle of the solar furnace, optical calculation process, hardware design and installation and testing. According to the actual needs of users and the local solar energy resources, the illuminating area on the plane of the secondary concentrator and the thermal power could be estimated by self-programmed software. Sequentially, the core components of the solar furnace were designed based on the optics calculation results. The modular design of the heliostat both improved the production efficiency with lower cost and simplified the bracket structure. At the same time, it is more convenient for transporting and installation. Each unit reflector of the heliostat had 12 supportive points, which brought the more benefit when leveling the mirror. The similar modular design was taken when designing the secondary concentrator for the reduction of the manufacturing costs, the ease of transport and on-site installation. Each facet of the concentrator was adjustable which significantly enhanced the adaptability of point focus solar furnace. The feasibility of the design method is verified by prototype development.
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