利用水电解制氢进行氢储能是我国可再生能源弃电问题的解决方案之一。本文建立了太阳能光伏阵列与质子交换膜（proton exchange membrane, PEM）水电解直接耦合系统的分析模型,研究耦合系统优化运行工况。结果表明,天气变化易导致直接耦合系统工作点偏离光伏最大功率点,引起耦合失配并降低太阳能利用率。通过匹配太阳能光伏阵列串并联结构和水电解器工作槽数进行“粗调”,改变PEM水电解器工作温度进行“精调”,可使直接耦合系统工作在最大功率点附近,使系统能量损失最小。本研究为太阳能光伏-PEM水电解氢储能直接耦合技术的运行策略和优化奠定了理论基础。
Hydrogen energy storage technology is considered as an effective and promising solution to abandoning power due to intermittency and uncontrollability of renewable energy resources. In this paper, a theoretical model of direct coupling system of photovoltaic and proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolyzer (WE) was established to optimize the operating conditions. Results showed that the changeable weather can cause the deviation between system operating points and the PV maximum power points which decreased the solar energy utilization efficiency. Based on the model, two optimization methods were proposed, “roughly adjust” can be done by matching the combination of PV modules and number of water electrolyzer cells, and then “precise adjust” by changing the operating temperature of water electrolyzer to obtain minimum energy loss. This work can be used as operation strategy for PV-PEM water electrolyzer direct coupling systems.
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