0 引言
1 地质背景
Fig. 1 Geographical location of Site 3A station (The base map comes from GeoMapAPP software, modified from literature [26])图1 Site 3A站位地理位置(底图来自GeoMapAPP软件,修改自于文献[26]) |
2 实验方法
2.1 样品处理与分析
2.2 总有机碳的测定
2.3 主微量元素分析
2.4 磷的分级提取分析
2.5 不同状态铁和锰的提取分析
2.6 CRS提取及硫同位素测定
3 结果
3.1 元素含量特征
Table 1 Major element composition of core sediments from Site 3A表1 Site 3A柱状沉积物主量元素组成 |
样品编号 | 深度 / cmbsf | Si / % | Al / % | Ca / % | Fe / % | Mg / % | Ti / % | S / % | P / % |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site 3A-001 | 2 | 20.28 | 7.46 | 10.15 | 4.30 | 1.45 | 0.43 | 0.18 | 0.07 |
Site 3A-006 | 19 | 19.86 | 7.29 | 11.70 | 4.17 | 1.41 | 0.43 | 0.17 | 0.07 |
Site 3A-011 | 44 | 19.04 | 6.94 | 13.22 | 4.14 | 1.37 | 0.40 | 0.16 | 0.06 |
Site 3A-016 | 69 | 18.77 | 6.90 | 13.92 | 3.90 | 1.36 | 0.41 | 0.16 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-021 | 94 | 18.94 | 7.08 | 12.71 | 4.05 | 1.36 | 0.42 | 0.17 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-026 | 119 | 20.09 | 7.52 | 10.05 | 4.62 | 1.41 | 0.47 | 0.16 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-031 | 144 | 20.26 | 7.23 | 11.14 | 4.38 | 1.45 | 0.44 | 0.18 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-036 | 169 | 20.69 | 7.73 | 9.90 | 4.97 | 1.47 | 0.51 | 0.17 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-041 | 194 | 21.06 | 7.45 | 10.69 | 3.85 | 1.44 | 0.41 | 0.22 | 0.06 |
Site 3A-046 | 219 | 21.47 | 7.51 | 9.43 | 3.80 | 1.50 | 0.43 | 0.26 | 0.06 |
Site 3A-051 | 244 | 21.63 | 7.78 | 8.00 | 4.21 | 1.42 | 0.45 | 0.30 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-056 | 269 | 22.71 | 7.92 | 6.50 | 4.47 | 1.45 | 0.48 | 0.42 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-061 | 294 | 22.85 | 7.70 | 6.26 | 4.42 | 1.44 | 0.48 | 0.44 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-066 | 319 | 23.36 | 7.65 | 6.36 | 4.64 | 1.51 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-071 | 344 | 22.90 | 7.52 | 6.10 | 4.51 | 1.49 | 0.48 | 0.46 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-076 | 369 | 23.02 | 7.53 | 6.15 | 4.37 | 1.51 | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-081 | 394 | 24.66 | 7.91 | 6.02 | 4.13 | 1.61 | 0.45 | 0.44 | 0.06 |
Site 3A-086 | 419 | 23.30 | 7.56 | 6.32 | 4.24 | 1.55 | 0.47 | 0.36 | 0.06 |
Site 3A-091 | 444 | 23.00 | 7.47 | 6.31 | 4.50 | 1.47 | 0.47 | 0.40 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-096 | 469 | 23.01 | 7.46 | 6.63 | 4.40 | 1.49 | 0.46 | 0.41 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-101 | 494 | 22.56 | 7.27 | 6.63 | 4.72 | 1.45 | 0.50 | 0.36 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-106 | 519 | 22.50 | 7.31 | 6.57 | 4.58 | 1.44 | 0.48 | 0.29 | 0.06 |
Site 3A-111 | 544 | 22.48 | 7.36 | 6.90 | 4.61 | 1.47 | 0.49 | 0.30 | 0.06 |
Site 3A-116 | 569 | 23.66 | 7.70 | 6.31 | 4.44 | 1.57 | 0.48 | 0.40 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-121 | 594 | 19.91 | 6.53 | 6.16 | 4.73 | 1.27 | 0.50 | 0.27 | 0.04 |
Site 3A-126 | 619 | 18.78 | 5.94 | 6.61 | 5.56 | 1.08 | 0.55 | 0.27 | 0.04 |
Site 3A-131 | 644 | 21.38 | 7.08 | 6.46 | 4.64 | 1.34 | 0.49 | 0.34 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-136 | 669 | 21.53 | 7.33 | 6.54 | 3.79 | 1.47 | 0.45 | 0.23 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-141 | 694 | 22.90 | 7.83 | 6.78 | 3.80 | 1.54 | 0.44 | 0.29 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-146 | 719 | 22.67 | 7.75 | 7.12 | 4.23 | 1.47 | 0.47 | 0.24 | 0.05 |
Site 3A-151 | 744 | 20.98 | 7.37 | 9.18 | 4.25 | 1.36 | 0.48 | 0.27 | 0.05 |
Table 2 Rare earth elements of core sediments from Site 3A表2 Site 3 A柱状沉积物稀土元素组成 |
样品编号 | 深度 / cmbsf | V / (μg/g) | Cr / (μg/g) | Ni / (μg/g) | Sr / (μg/g) | Ba / (μg/g) | Th / (μg/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site 3A-001 | 2 | 116.50 | 64.00 | 81.00 | 490.20 | 746.20 | 9.20 |
Site 3A-006 | 19 | 106.10 | 63.90 | 60.20 | 536.70 | 720.80 | 9.20 |
Site 3A-011 | 44 | 107.20 | 61.70 | 51.20 | 582.60 | 669.20 | 8.90 |
Site 3A-016 | 69 | 100.60 | 60.70 | 51.30 | 607.30 | 656.10 | 9.10 |
Site 3A-021 | 94 | 104.10 | 65.80 | 51.20 | 555.60 | 619.70 | 10.10 |
Site 3A-026 | 119 | 113.90 | 74.60 | 59.20 | 461.10 | 677.70 | 11.50 |
Site 3A-031 | 144 | 113.60 | 76.10 | 60.70 | 439.70 | 631.10 | 11.40 |
Site 3A-036 | 169 | 107.50 | 67.90 | 60.20 | 514.50 | 625.20 | 10.00 |
Site 3A-041 | 194 | 108.20 | 66.60 | 61.30 | 521.50 | 683.60 | 10.20 |
Site 3A-046 | 219 | 107.10 | 65.70 | 57.80 | 465.20 | 615.00 | 11.10 |
Site 3A-051 | 244 | 109.30 | 70.10 | 57.60 | 392.30 | 577.40 | 12.00 |
Site 3A-056 | 269 | 115.10 | 73.10 | 59.60 | 328.80 | 598.60 | 13.00 |
Site 3A-061 | 294 | 114.20 | 70.50 | 57.10 | 318.90 | 573.70 | 12.50 |
Site 3A-066 | 319 | 113.90 | 70.00 | 58.20 | 317.00 | 602.70 | 12.20 |
Site 3A-071 | 344 | 115.50 | 72.10 | 56.70 | 317.20 | 619.80 | 12.00 |
Site 3A-076 | 369 | 114.90 | 71.00 | 55.80 | 313.50 | 629.50 | 12.20 |
Site 3A-081 | 394 | 117.30 | 71.40 | 56.60 | 326.90 | 649.10 | 12.10 |
Site 3A-086 | 419 | 114.80 | 71.70 | 53.90 | 322.80 | 634.80 | 11.80 |
Site 3A-091 | 444 | 114.40 | 68.80 | 53.40 | 318.60 | 597.70 | 11.40 |
Site 3A-096 | 469 | 115.00 | 71.00 | 56.10 | 338.50 | 649.30 | 11.70 |
Site 3A-101 | 494 | 118.60 | 72.00 | 55.50 | 330.30 | 575.90 | 11.90 |
Site 3A-106 | 519 | 118.20 | 72.20 | 52.50 | 329.50 | 556.70 | 12.10 |
Site 3A-111 | 544 | 119.20 | 75.50 | 53.30 | 334.90 | 568.20 | 11.90 |
Site 3A-116 | 569 | 118.70 | 72.00 | 53.70 | 346.50 | 586.60 | 11.70 |
Site 3A-121 | 594 | 118.20 | 73.00 | 55.10 | 346.60 | 550.90 | 11.80 |
Site 3A-126 | 619 | 122.20 | 74.10 | 57.20 | 317.80 | 580.50 | 11.90 |
Site 3A-131 | 644 | 122.00 | 74.80 | 60.00 | 331.90 | 634.20 | 11.90 |
Site 3A-136 | 669 | 119.70 | 72.10 | 54.50 | 355.20 | 602.90 | 11.50 |
Site 3A-141 | 694 | 118.70 | 73.10 | 55.90 | 370.60 | 659.40 | 11.60 |
Site 3A-146 | 719 | 117.40 | 70.50 | 51.40 | 352.30 | 615.10 | 11.40 |
Site 3A-151 | 744 | 116.10 | 67.90 | 53.00 | 415.10 | 642.80 | 10.70 |
Table 3 ∑REE, LREE , HREE , LREE/HREE, δCe and δEu of core sediments from Site 3A表3 Site 3 A柱状沉积物中的∑REE、LREE、HREE、LREE/HREE、δCe和δEu数据 |
样品名 | 深度 / cmbsf | ∑REE / (μg/g) | LREE / (μg/g) | HREE / (μg/g) | LREE/HREE | δCe | δEu |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site 3A-001 | 2 | 126.77 | 112.82 | 13.95 | 8.09 | 0.98 | 0.69 |
Site 3A-006 | 19 | 125.29 | 111.46 | 13.82 | 8.06 | 0.97 | 0.71 |
Site 3A-011 | 44 | 120.28 | 106.88 | 13.40 | 7.97 | 0.96 | 0.69 |
Site 3A-016 | 69 | 121.76 | 108.18 | 13.58 | 7.97 | 0.97 | 0.69 |
Site 3A-021 | 94 | 129.33 | 115.18 | 14.15 | 8.14 | 0.98 | 0.67 |
Site 3A-026 | 119 | 144.02 | 128.99 | 15.03 | 8.58 | 1.00 | 0.70 |
Site 3A-031 | 144 | 142.86 | 128.09 | 14.77 | 8.67 | 1.01 | 0.68 |
Site 3A-036 | 169 | 131.27 | 117.44 | 13.83 | 8.49 | 0.99 | 0.69 |
Site 3A-041 | 194 | 132.45 | 118.62 | 13.83 | 8.57 | 1.01 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-046 | 219 | 140.40 | 125.97 | 14.43 | 8.73 | 1.01 | 0.64 |
Site 3A-051 | 244 | 148.02 | 132.72 | 15.30 | 8.67 | 1.01 | 0.67 |
Site 3A-056 | 269 | 154.10 | 138.40 | 15.70 | 8.82 | 1.03 | 0.64 |
Site 3A-061 | 294 | 153.77 | 138.31 | 15.46 | 8.95 | 1.04 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-066 | 319 | 148.32 | 133.14 | 15.19 | 8.77 | 1.01 | 0.68 |
Site 3A-071 | 344 | 148.46 | 133.35 | 15.12 | 8.82 | 1.01 | 0.67 |
Site 3A-076 | 369 | 151.34 | 135.74 | 15.61 | 8.70 | 1.01 | 0.65 |
Site 3A-081 | 394 | 150.72 | 135.07 | 15.65 | 8.63 | 1.02 | 0.68 |
Site 3A-086 | 419 | 149.38 | 133.84 | 15.55 | 8.61 | 1.01 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-091 | 444 | 144.83 | 129.53 | 15.30 | 8.47 | 1.02 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-096 | 469 | 147.14 | 131.57 | 15.57 | 8.45 | 1.01 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-101 | 494 | 151.46 | 135.59 | 15.86 | 8.55 | 1.01 | 0.65 |
Site 3A-106 | 519 | 153.52 | 137.39 | 16.14 | 8.51 | 1.00 | 0.68 |
Site 3A-111 | 544 | 153.73 | 137.54 | 16.19 | 8.49 | 1.01 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-116 | 569 | 149.83 | 133.86 | 15.97 | 8.38 | 1.00 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-121 | 594 | 151.75 | 136.01 | 15.73 | 8.64 | 1.00 | 0.65 |
Site 3A-126 | 619 | 152.09 | 136.06 | 16.02 | 8.49 | 1.01 | 0.68 |
Site 3A-131 | 644 | 149.73 | 133.97 | 15.76 | 8.50 | 1.01 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-136 | 669 | 146.96 | 131.44 | 15.52 | 8.47 | 1.01 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-141 | 694 | 146.75 | 131.24 | 15.51 | 8.46 | 1.01 | 0.66 |
Site 3A-146 | 719 | 145.58 | 130.46 | 15.12 | 8.63 | 1.01 | 0.67 |
Site 3A-151 | 744 | 140.13 | 125.07 | 15.06 | 8.30 | 1.00 | 0.68 |
注:∑REE = La + Ce + Pr + Nd + Sm + Eu + Gd + Tb + Dy + Ho + Er + Tm+ Yb + Lu;HREE = Gd + Tb + Dy + Ho + Er + Tm + Yb + Lu;δCe = CeN/[ (LaN × NdN)0.5];δEu = EuN/[(SmN × GdN)0.5] |
3.2 不同状态的磷、铁以及δ34S的含量与变化趋势
Table 4 PFe, PCFA, Pdetr, PEx, CRS and δ34S of core sediments from Site 3A表4 Site 3A柱状沉积物的PFe、PCFA、Pdetr、PEx、CRS和δ34S含量变化以及数据 |
样品编号 | 深度 / cmbsf | CRS / % | δ34S / ‰ | PEx / (μg/g) | PFe / (μg/g) | PCFA / (μg/g) | Pdetr / (μg/g) | Porg/ (μg/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site 3A-003 | 8 | 0.17 | -50.59 | 500 | 120 | 1 120 | 0 | 390 |
Site 3A-013 | 54 | 0.24 | -31.56 | 610 | 110 | 1 110 | 40 | 250 |
Site 3A-023 | 104 | 0.18 | / | 880 | 110 | 1 300 | 0 | 470 |
Site 3A-033 | 154 | 0.16 | -38.68 | 790 | 220 | 1 250 | 0 | 550 |
Site 3A-043 | 204 | 0.14 | -50.86 | 590 | 270 | 1 490 | 1 110 | 1 350 |
Site 3A-053 | 254 | 0.18 | -50.86 | 720 | 190 | 1 370 | 1 150 | 330 |
Site 3A-063 | 304 | 0.31 | -50.11 | 650 | 280 | 1 310 | 570 | 20 |
Site 3A-073 | 354 | 0.25 | -47.07 | 720 | 230 | 1 550 | 730 | 1 170 |
Site 3A-083 | 404 | 0.27 | -48.36 | 710 | 310 | 1 040 | 690 | 0 |
Site 3A-093 | 454 | 0.32 | -47.20 | 640 | 160 | 930 | 160 | 0 |
Site 3A-103 | 504 | 0.27 | -47.85 | 720 | 210 | 1 550 | 240 | 230 |
Site 3A-113 | 554 | 0.43 | -46.26 | 800 | 90 | 970 | 280 | 480 |
Site 3A-123 | 604 | 0.30 | -45.53 | 780 | 2 120 | 1 090 | 100 | 40 |
Site 3A-133 | 654 | 0.30 | -47.10 | 800 | 260 | 730 | 0 | 60 |
Table 5 Total sulfur (TS), total nitrogen (TN), TOC, TOC/TN, Fecarb, Feox and Femag of core sediments from Site 3A表5 Site 3A柱状沉积物的总硫(total sulfur, TS)、总氮(total nitrogen, TN)、TOC、TOC/TN、Fecarb、Feox和Femag含量变化 |
样品编号 | 深度 / cmbsf | TS / % | TN / % | TOC / % | TOC/TN | Fecarb / (μg/g) | Feox / (μg/g) | Femag / (μg/g) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Site 3A-001 | 2 | 0.20 | 0.09 | 0.43 | 4.79 | 0.00 | 3 224.90 | / |
Site 3A-006 | 19 | 0.19 | 0.08 | 0.49 | 6.16 | 0.00 | 3 112.15 | 507.04 |
Site 3A-011 | 44 | 0.17 | 0.07 | 0.49 | 7.00 | 0.00 | 2 162.00 | 279.98 |
Site 3A-016 | 69 | 0.20 | 0.08 | 0.49 | 6.06 | 0.00 | 2 109.58 | 198.65 |
Site 3A-021 | 94 | 0.23 | 0.07 | 0.46 | 6.56 | 0.00 | 1 542.65 | 302.37 |
Site 3A-026 | 119 | 0.24 | 0.08 | 0.56 | 6.95 | 6.19 | 1 542.65 | / |
Site 3A-031 | 144 | 0.26 | 0.09 | 0.60 | 6.62 | 11.74 | 2 376.51 | 318.00 |
Site 3A-036 | 169 | 0.26 | 0.10 | 0.82 | 8.19 | 0.55 | 1 391.17 | 344.22 |
Site 3A-041 | 194 | 0.30 | 0.11 | 0.94 | 8.54 | 0.70 | 1 363.16 | 355.87 |
Site 3A-046 | 219 | 0.36 | 0.12 | 0.98 | 8.17 | 0.00 | 1 419.72 | 222.15 |
Site 3A-051 | 244 | 0.45 | 0.10 | 0.96 | 9.56 | 0.00 | 1 644.96 | 272.20 |
Site 3A-056 | 269 | 0.69 | 0.11 | 1.10 | 10.00 | 0.00 | 1 500.65 | 258.20 |
Site 3A-061 | 294 | 0.56 | 0.11 | 1.08 | 9.82 | 0.00 | 1 545.74 | 187.75 |
Site 3A-066 | 319 | 0.65 | 0.12 | 1.09 | 9.08 | 0.00 | 1 357.37 | 213.16 |
Site 3A-071 | 344 | 0.66 | 0.12 | 1.08 | 9.00 | 0.00 | 1 545.00 | 195.78 |
Site 3A-076 | 369 | 0.64 | 0.11 | 1.05 | 9.55 | 0.00 | 1 011.36 | 232.34 |
Site 3A-081 | 394 | 0.64 | 0.11 | 1.13 | 10.27 | 0.00 | 1 244.82 | 268.43 |
Site 3A-086 | 419 | 0.57 | 0.11 | 1.08 | 9.82 | 0.00 | 1 158.36 | 225.93 |
Site 3A-091 | 444 | 0.71 | 0.10 | 0.92 | 9.24 | 0.98 | 1 591.37 | 176.61 |
Site 3A-096 | 469 | 0.63 | 0.11 | 1.00 | 9.09 | 0.00 | 1 598.34 | 138.91 |
Site 3A-101 | 494 | 0.55 | 0.09 | 0.92 | 10.18 | 3.02 | 1 188.80 | 208.27 |
Site 3A-106 | 519 | 0.46 | 0.09 | 0.92 | 10.20 | 0.00 | 941.29 | 0.00 |
Site 3A-111 | 544 | 0.46 | 0.09 | 0.88 | 9.78 | 5.29 | 994.79 | 157.88 |
4 讨论
4.1 总硫、总碳、总有机碳含量和总氮/总有机碳变化对沉积环境的指示
Fig. 2 TN, TOC, TOC/TN, V/Cr and V/Ni of core sediments from Site 3A图2 Site 3A柱状沉积物中TN、TOC、TOC/TN、V/Cr以及V/Ni变化趋势图 |
4.2 硫及δ34S对甲烷渗漏的指示
Fig. 3 δ34S, CRS, and TS of core sediments from Site 3A图 3 Site 3A柱状沉积物中δ34S、CRS以及TS变化趋势图 |
4.3 铁、锰和磷对甲烷渗漏的指示
Fig. 4 Manganese carbonate, reductive manganese, Feox, Femag, PCFA and PFe of core sediments from Site 3A图4 Site 3A柱状沉积物中碳酸盐锰、还原性锰、Feox、Femag、PCFA以及PFe变化趋势图 |
4.4 稀土元素对沉积环境以及甲烷渗漏的指示
Fig. 5 (a) ΣREE, LREE, HREE, and LREE/HREE of core sediments in Site 3A; (b) δEu, δCe, Ca, Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca of core sediments in Site 3A; (c) model from BAYON[20] and the relationship between Sr/Ca and Mg/Ca of core sediments in Site 3A图5 (a)Site 3A柱状沉积物中ΣREE、LREE、HREE、LREE/HREE变化趋势;(b)δEu、δCe、Ca、Sr/Ca和Mg/Ca变化趋势;(c)BAYON[20]的假定端元模型与Site 3A站位的 Sr/Ca及Mg/Ca 的关系 |