0 引言
1 实验部分
1.1 生物质炭的制备
1.2 复合电极材料的制备
1.3 电极的制备
1.4 物理表征和电化学性能测试
2 结果与讨论
2.1 物理表征
Fig. 1 (a) PXRD patterns of ZIF-67 and ZIF-67@C; (b) XRD patterns of ZIF-67@C-400, ZIF-67@C-500, and ZIF-67@C-600 derived from ZIF-67@C; (c) XPS spectra of ZIF-67@C-500; (d) high-resolution XPS spectra of Ni 2p peaks and Co 2p peaks图1 (a)ZIF-67和ZIF-67@C的PXRD谱图;(b)由ZIF-67@C衍生的ZIF-67@C-400、ZIF-67@C-500和ZIF-67@C-600的XRD谱图;(c)ZIF-67@C-500的X射线光电子全能谱图;(d)Co、Ni元素的X射线光电子精细谱图 |
Fig. 2 SEM images of ZIF-67@C (a), ZIF-67@C-400 (b), ZIF-67@C-500 (c), and ZIF-67@C-600 (d); (e - j) EDS mapping distribution of ZIF-67@C-500图2 ZIF-67@C(a)、ZIF-67@C-400(b)、ZIF-67@C-500(c)和ZIF-67@C-600(d)的扫描电镜图;(e ~ j)ZIF-67@C-500材料的能量色散光谱图 |
Fig. 3 Nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms (a) and pore size distribution (b) of ZIF-67@C-500图3 ZIF-67@C-500的氮气吸附-脱附等温线(a)和孔径分布图(b) |
2.2 三电极体系中电化学性能
Fig. 4 Cyclic voltammetry (a) and galvanostatic charge-discharge curves (b) of precursor and derivatives at different temperatures图4 前驱体及不同温度下衍生物的循环伏安图(a)和恒电流下的充放电曲线(b) |
Fig. 5 Cyclic voltammetry curves (a), galvanostatic charge-discharge curves (b), rate performance (c) of ZIF-67@C-500; (d) Nyquist plots for different materials图5 ZIF-67@C-500的循环伏安图(a),恒电流下的充放电曲线(b)和倍率性能(c);(d)不同材料的交流阻抗图、拟合电路图和对应的参数 |
2.3 两电极体系中的电化学性能
Fig. 6 Electrochemical properties of the asymmetric supercapacitor ZIF-67@C-500//AC: (a) cyclic voltammetry curves of AC and ZIF-67@C-500 at the same current density; (b) cyclic voltammetry curves, (c) galvanostatic charge-discharge curves, (d) diagram of power density versus energy density and (e) cycling performance for asymmetric supercapacitor图6 非对称电容器ZIF-67@C-500//AC的电化学性能:(a)相同电流密度下活性炭和ZIF-67@C-500循环伏安图;非对称超级电容器的(b)循环伏安图、(c)恒电流充放电曲线图、(d)功率密度与能量密度的对应关系图和(e)循环性能图 |