Wind flow in complex terrain wind farms is affected by atmospheric circulation and topography, which is a big challenge for the application of atmospheric boundary layer analytical models to evaluate wind resources with more accuracy. To investigate the adaptability of classical atmospheric boundary layer analytical models in complex terrain wind flow, the applicability of classical wind speed profiles, turbulence intensity profiles, and engineering spectral models in representative locations of complex terrain is investigated using observational data from the classical Askervein wind tower and the high-accuracy simulation data from a mesoscale numerical weather prediction model (WRF) coupled with a microscale computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The logarithmic and exponential law models based on the boundary layer theory and Monin-Obukhov theory and the Gryning model based on the mixing length theory are selected for the wind speed profile and turbulence intensity profile; the common von Kármán, Davenport and Kaimal spectra are selected for the wind power spectral modeling of turbulence wind. The results show that the application of classical atmospheric boundary layer analytical models in complex mountain wind farms has limitations, the logarithmic and exponential law wind speed profiles are unable to describe the high-level wind speed characteristics in flat terrain and the wind acceleration effect on the top of the hill, and the Gryning model has a greater advantage in the assessment of high-level wind speed, but it also fails to reflect the wind acceleration effect caused by the hill; the logarithmic and exponential law turbulence intensity profiles perform well in the near-surface layer but underestimate the decay with height turbulence in the upper layers; von Kármán spectra and Davenport spectra can more accurately assess the energy characteristics of turbulence wind speed inertial subregions at the top and leeward slope of the hill. The research results can be used to guide the selection of engineering models for wind resource assessment and the modeling of new atmospheric boundary layer analytical models for wind farms in complex terrain.
本文以国际经典案例Askervien山为应用对象,将实测数据和基于天气研究与预报模式(weather research and forecasting model, WRF)耦合计算流体动力学(computational fluid dynamics, CFD)方法得到的高精度数值仿真数据作对比,研究经典的风速廓线模型、湍流强度廓线模型、脉动风谱模型等在复杂山地流场的适应能力。其中,风速廓线模型选择对数律、指数律和Gryning三种模型,湍流强度廓线选择对数律和指数律模型,脉动风谱模型选择常用的von Kármán谱、Davenport谱和Kaimal谱。研究结果可进一步用于复杂地形流场大气边界层解析模型建模及精细化风资源评估。
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