0 引言
1 材料与方法
1.1 实验原料
Table 1 Basic characteristics of raw materials and inoculum表1 原料及接种物的基本理化性质 |
项目 | TS / % | VS / % | C / % | N / % | C/N | 稀土元素 / (μg/kg) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
皇竹草 | 21.32 | 19.47 | 42.86 | 1.50 | 28.52 | 8 573.82 |
接种物 | 1.05 | 0.53 | / | / | / | / |
1.2 实验装置及操作
1.3 分析测试方法
1.4 数据分析和计算
2 结果与讨论
2.1 产气性能分析
Fig. 1 Daily methane yield (a) and cumulative methane yield (b) in batch anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum hydridum with different TS图1 不同TS下皇竹草批次厌氧发酵的日产甲烷率(a)和累积产甲烷率(b) |
Table 2 Fitting of cumulative methane yield with different TS表2 不同TS条件下累积产甲烷率的拟合 |
TS / % | Pm / (mL/g) | Rm / [mL/(d∙g)] | λ / d | R2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
2 | 133.491 | 24.369 | 1.523 | 1.000 |
4 | 197.867 | 21.427 | 3.599 | 0.999 |
6 | 132.125 | 12.396 | 26.317 | 0.993 |
8 | 74.798 | 5.900 | 50.107 | 0.996 |
10 | 0.721 | 0.390 | 0.575 | 0.998 |
2.2 过程参数分析
Fig. 2 Changes of ammonia concentration (a) and COD (b) in batch anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum hydridum with different TS图2 不同TS条件下皇竹草批式厌氧发酵的氨氮浓度(a)和COD(b)变化 |
Fig. 3 Changes of pH and VFAs concentration in batch anaerobic digestion of Pennisetum hydridum with different TS图3 不同TS下皇竹草批式厌氧发酵中pH和VFAs浓度变化 |
2.3 稀土元素溶出情况
Table 3 Rare earth element content表3 稀土元素含量 |
项目 | TS / % | Sc / 10-9 | Y / 10-9 | La / 10-9 | Ce / 10-9 | Pr / 10-9 | Nd / 10-9 | Sm / 10-9 | Eu / 10-9 | Gd / 10-9 | Tb / 10-9 | Dy / 10-9 | Ho / 10-9 | Er / 10-9 | Tm / 10-9 | Yb / 10-9 | Lu / 10-9 | Total / 10-9 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
皇竹草 | / | 187.79 ± 13.36 | 2 068.35 ± 51.66 | 2 189.15 ± 10.78 | 980.38 ± 11.31 | 366.15 ± 27.45 | 1 374.96 ± 57.36 | 282.15 ± 12.95 | 51.70 ± 4.12 | 338.64 ± 10.00 | 52.71 ± 6.56 | 303.19 ± 12.37 | 62.87 ± 7.69 | 170.10 ± 5.96 | 19.98 ± 0.55 | 107.71 ± 6.69 | 18.01 ± 0.01 | 8 573.82 ± 159.87 |
接种物 | / | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.46 ± 0.01 | 0.59 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.04 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.13 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.01 | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 1.89 ± 0.50 |
沼液 | 2 | 7.10 ± 0.04 | 0.95 ± 0.01 | 1.77 ± 0.01 | 7.60 ± 0.02 | 0.30 ± 0.01 | 0.87 ± 0.10 | 0.23 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.27 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 0.27 ± 0.01 | 0.06 ± 0.01 | 0.12 ± 0.01 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 20.10 ± 0.01 |
4 | 8.53 ± 0.06 | 7.79 ± 0.05 | 8.15 ± 0.01 | 10.64 ± 0.11 | 1.46 ± 0.01 | 5.46 ± 0.08 | 1.10 ± 0.01 | 0.29 ± 0.01 | 1.43 ± 0.01 | 0.24 ± 0.01 | 1.12 ± 0.01 | 0.29 ± 0.01 | 0.80 ± 0.03 | 0.14 ± 0.01 | 0.47 ± 0.01 | 0.15 ± 0.01 | 48.05 ± 4.13 | |
6 | 8.69 ± 1.60 | 10.76 ± 1.22 | 12.72 ± 1.06 | 12.77 ± 1.24 | 2.28 ± 0.01 | 7.84 ± 1.33 | 1.75 ± 0.01 | 0.38 ± 0.01 | 1.95 ± 0.01 | 0.37 ± 0.01 | 1.79 ± 0.01 | 0.41 ± 0.01 | 1.17 ± 0.01 | 0.18 ± 0.01 | 0.68 ± 0.01 | 0.19 ± 0.01 | 63.91 ± 6.34 | |
8 | 8.93 ± 0.01 | 15.09 ± 0.50 | 15.85 ± 0.06 | 12.17 ± 0.01 | 2.71 ± 0.01 | 9.93 ± 0.07 | 2.27 ± 0.01 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 2.55 ± 0.01 | 0.45 ± 0.01 | 2.17 ± 0.01 | 0.51 ± 0.01 | 1.32 ± 0.01 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 0.80 ± 0.01 | 0.22 ± 0.01 | 75.59 ± 8.64 | |
10 | 10.80 ± 2.13 | 38.59 ± 3.49 | 10.99 ± 2.55 | 9.81 ± 1.36 | 2.65 ± 0.34 | 13.79 ± 3.03 | 3.97 ± 0.09 | 1.06 ± 0.15 | 6.76 ± 0.68 | 1.08 ± 0.01 | 7.03 ± 0.01 | 1.67 ± 0.01 | 4.77 ± 0.05 | 0.57 ± 0.10 | 2.95 ± 0.37 | 0.57 ± 0.04 | 117.05 ± 16.68 | |
沼渣 | 2 | 103.48 ± 1.64 | 1 747.63 ± 117.76 | 1 920.48 ± 129.19 | 866.41 ± 29.90 | 319.17 ± 23.40 | 1 179.36 ± 79.09 | 244.61 ± 19.37 | 41.07 ± 3.57 | 281.64 ± 20.28 | 43.75 ± 3.83 | 262.86 ± 19.47 | 51.43 ± 3.83 | 136.33 ± 10.69 | 16.55 ± 1.00 | 86.10 ± 4.64 | 13.82 ± 1.14 | 7 314.68 ± 488.65 |
4 | 220.91 ± 21.13 | 1 645.55 ± 82.82 | 1 737.74 ± 20.87 | 1 018.92 ± 91.90 | 301.64 ± 5.77 | 1 115.02 ± 20.94 | 225.86 ± 1.41 | 43.71 ± 3.40 | 267.91 ± 9.85 | 42.05 ± 2.21 | 246.45 ± 9.21 | 49.58 ± 2.50 | 131.94 ± 8.15 | 16.33 ± 0.61 | 86.14 ± 7.24 | 15.00 ± 0.80 | 7164.74 ± 268.01 | |
6 | 133.38 ± 10.34 | 1 864.76 ± 72.18 | 1 950.00 ± 129.21 | 996.38 ± 17.84 | 327.33 ± 12.39 | 1 208.98 ± 45.50 | 242.62 ± 13.25 | 45.88 ± 1.86 | 295.57 ± 9.71 | 46.87 ± 1.20 | 275.88 ± 11.61 | 54.97 ± 1.31 | 147.86 ± 3.10 | 17.42 ± 0.15 | 96.34 ± 0.03 | 14.95 ± 0.83 | 7 719.17 ± 106.02 | |
8 | 223.22 ± 63.52 | 1 812.09 ± 37.24 | 1 920.44 ± 20.90 | 1 090.10 ± 66.28 | 334.73 ± 5.23 | 1 226.86 ± 12.65 | 253.26 ± 7.53 | 48.68 ± 1.99 | 296.58 ± 0.72 | 46.70 ± 0.12 | 273.99 ± 1.35 | 55.00 ± 0.03 | 147.06 ± 0.57 | 17.76 ± 0.24 | 92.70 ± 2.57 | 16.62 ± 1.18 | 7 855.80 ± 96.61 | |
10 | 160.27 ± 4.67 | 1 928.38 ± 45.58 | 2 062.85 ± 0.03 | 1 062.82 ± 15.82 | 342.88 ± 11.00 | 1 278.68 ± 33.59 | 254.40 ± 6.12 | 47.52 ± 5.38 | 308.03 ± 10.57 | 49.00 ± 2.09 | 279.93 ± 7.86 | 57.09 ± 2.53 | 152.48 ± 7.58 | 18.51 ± 0.85 | 96.73 ± 4.67 | 17.32 ± 1.98 | 8 116.88 ± 38.26 |
2.4 过程参数对稀土元素溶出的影响
Fig. 4 Correlation between rare earth element dissolution rate and process parameters图4 稀土元素溶出率与过程参数的相关性分析 |