0 引言
1 实验部分
1.1 实验原料及试剂
Table 1 The elemental composition of fly ash表1 飞灰的元素组成 |
元素 | 含量/% | 元素 | 含量/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Si | 29.20 | S | 1.51 | |
Ca | 1.94 | P | 1.01 | |
Cl | 5.35 | Fe | 1.61 | |
K | 4.94 | Na | 0.53 | |
Al | 4.25 | F | 0.32 | |
Mg | 0.59 | Ti | 0.27 |
1.2 催化剂的制备
1.3 催化剂的表征
1.4 Py-GC/MS实验
2 结果讨论
2.1 催化剂表征结果
Fig. 1 XRD patterns of CO-HZSM-5 and FA-HZSM-5-10%-1.5图1 CO-HZSM-5和FA-HZSM-5-10%-1.5的XRD谱图 |
Fig. 2 N2 adsorption/desorption isotherms (a) and NH3-TPD patterns (b) of CO-HZSM-5 and FA-HZSM-5-10%-1.5图2 CO-HZSM-5和FA-HZSM-5-10%-1.5的N2吸附-脱附曲线(a)和NH3-TPD谱图(b) |
Table 2 The textural characteristics of CO-HZSM-5 and FA-HZSM-5-10%-1.5表2 CO-HZSM-5和FA-HZSM-5-10%-1.5的孔结构参数 |
样品 | 比表面积/(m2/g) | 微孔比表面积/(m2/g) | 总孔容/(cm3/g) | 微孔孔容/(cm3/g) | 微孔率/% | 平均孔径/nm |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CO-HZSM-5 | 299.41 | 286.79 | 0.144 | 0.133 | 92.36 | 1.93 |
FA-HZSM-5-10%-1.5 | 253.63 | 124.60 | 0.312 | 0.065 | 20.83 | 4.91 |
2.2 催化剂制备条件对芳烃产率的影响
Fig. 3 Effects of hydrochloric acid concentrations on the yields of aromatics: (a) MAHs; (b) PAHs图3 盐酸浓度对芳烃产率的影响:(a)单环芳烃;(b)多环芳烃 |
Fig. 4 Effects of alkali/ash ratios on the yields of aromatics: (a) MAHs; (b) PAHs图4 碱灰比对芳烃产率的影响:(a)单环芳烃;(b)多环芳烃 |
2.3 热解条件对芳烃产率的影响
Fig. 5 Effects of pyrolysis temperatures on the yields of aromatics: (a) MAHs; (b) PAHs图5 热解温度对芳烃产率的影响:(a)单环芳烃;(b)多环芳烃 |
Fig. 6 Effects of catalyst/pine ratios on the yields of aromatics: (a) MAHs; (b) PAHs图6 催化剂/松木比对芳烃产率的影响:(a)单环芳烃;(b)多环芳烃 |
2.4 FA-HZSM-5与CO-HZSM-5催化效果对比
Fig. 7 Effects of the catalyst type on the yields of aromatics: (a) MAHs; (b) PAHs图7 催化剂种类对芳烃产率的影响:(a)单环芳烃;(b)多环芳烃 |