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Demonstration of Decentralized Waste Pyrolysis and Gasification Treatment Project—the Solution of Rural Garbage
FANG Ke-jing, XIONG Zu-hong, LU Min, LI Ji-qing, LI Tao
Advances in New and Renewable Energy ›› 2021, Vol. 9 ›› Issue (4) : 288-293.
PDF(910 KB)
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Demonstration of Decentralized Waste Pyrolysis and Gasification Treatment Project—the Solution of Rural Garbage
({{custom_author.role_en}}), {{javascript:window.custom_author_en_index++;}}The new rural construction is carried out with the conception of ‘beautiful countryside’. China has a vast territory, most of which are mountainous and hilly areas. There are huge differences in population density. The rural population living in mountainous areas is scattered, the road traffic is inconvenient, the development of various regions is unequal. Currently, the amount of garbage in mountainous areas cannot meet the minimum amount for the construction of garbage power plant. Harmless treatment of rural garbage still faces many challenges. Considering the existing problems of rural garbage treatment, a decentralized garbage pyrolysis gasification process integrating a number of patented technologies was designed, and a demonstration project was implemented. The whole set of demonstration equipment ran stably, the flue gases emission amounts were NOx ≤ 17 mg/Nm3, CO ≤ 10 mg/Nm3, SO2 ≤ 6 mg/Nm3, HCl ≤ 3 mg/Nm3, far less than the national regulations of No.GB18485-2014. Results indicated that, the harmless disposal of rural garbage was realized, and the physical and mental health and ecological safety of residents were effectively guaranteed.
decentralized / garbage / rural / pyrolysis gasification / project demonstration {{custom_keyword}} /
Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages comparison of heat treatment technology表1 热处理技术优缺点对比 |
| 工艺 | 直接燃烧技术 | 热解气化燃烧技术 |
|---|---|---|
| 氧气条件 | 充足氧气 | 无氧或缺氧 |
| 作用机理 | 利用焚烧物本身热值 | 利用有机物的热不稳定性使之裂解 |
| 主要产物/产品 | 电力、热水、蒸汽 | 清洁可燃气、电力、热水、蒸汽 |
| 二次污染物产生量 | 空气过量系数较大,产生大量的飞灰、氮氧化物、二噁英、二氧化硫等 | 由于在无氧或缺氧的情况下,减少了二噁英前驱体、氮氧化物、二氧化硫的生成 |
| 处理量范围 | ≥ 500 t/d | ≤ 100 t/d |
| 适用范围 | 经济较发达的大中小城市等 | 人口较少和人口分布不集中的县、乡镇、农村、岛屿等 |
| 优势 | 处理规模大、技术成熟 | 二次污染物产生量少,环保效益好;运行成本低;可做移动式处理系统 |
Table 2 Analysis on calorific value of domestic waste in Tumen Town, Gulang County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province表2 甘肃省武威市古浪县土门镇生活垃圾热值分析结果 |
| 项目 / 单位 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 干基可燃组分高位热值 / (kJ/kg) | 17 493.8 |
| 干基可燃组分低位热值 / (kJ/kg) | 16 305.8 |
| 原生垃圾低位热值 / (kJ/kg) | 4 091.5 |
Table 3 Analysis results of domestic waste industry in Tumen Town, Gulang County, Wuwei City, Gansu Province表3 甘肃省武威市古浪县土门镇生活垃圾工业分析结果 |
| 项目 | 挥发分 / % | 固定碳 / % | 灰分 / % | 水分 / % |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 干基可燃物工业分析 | 63.04 | 7.50 | 29.46 | 0.00 |
| 垃圾干基工业分析 | 47.25 | 5.62 | 47.12 | 0.00 |
| 收到基工业分析 | 21.15 | 2.52 | 21.10 | 55.23 |
Table 4 On line monitoring results of flue gas from rural decentralized domestic waste pyrolysis and gasification treatment project表4 乡村分散式生活垃圾热解气化处理工程烟气在线监测结果 |
| 监测项目 / 单位 | 数值 | GB18485-2014 | 运行状态 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 炉膛内焚烧温度 / ℃ | ≥900 | ≥850 | 连续运行 | |
| 炉渣热灼减率 / % | 4.36 | ≤5 | 连续运行 | |
| 一氧化碳 / (mg/m3) | 24 h均值 | 7.65 | ≤80 | 连续运行 |
| 1 h均值 | 9.24 | ≤100 | ||
| 颗粒物 / (mg/m3) | 24 h均值 | 2.16 | ≤20 | 连续运行 |
| 1 h均值 | 2.87 | ≤30 | ||
| 氮氧化物 / (mg/m3) | 24 h均值 | 12.57 | ≤250 | 连续运行 |
| 1 h均值 | 16.28 | ≤300 | ||
| 二氧化硫 / (mg/m3) | 24 h均值 | 3.29 | ≤80 | 连续运行 |
| 1 h均值 | 5.47 | ≤100 | ||
| 氯化氢 / (mg/m3) | 24 h均值 | 2.17 | ≤50 | 连续运行 |
| 1 h均值 | 2.65 | ≤60 | ||
| 二噁英类 / (ng TEQ/m3) | 测定均值 | 0.046 | ≤0.1 | 连续运行 |
| 含氧量（体积分数）/ % | - | 15.26 | - | 连续运行 |
| 注：检测方法均参照生活垃圾焚烧污染控制标准（GB18485-2014）。 |
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PDF(910 KB)
Fig. 1 Rural waste production and investment scale[3]Fig. 2 Comparison of centralized and decentralized waste treatment
Table 1 Advantages and disadvantages comparison of heat treatment technologyFig. 3 Technology route of rural decentralized waste pyrolysis and gasificationFig. 4 Demonstration project of waste pyrolysis and gasification in Tumen Town, Gulang County, Wuwei City, Gansu ProvinceTable 2 Analysis on calorific value of domestic waste in Tumen Town, Gulang County, Wuwei City, Gansu ProvinceTable 3 Analysis results of domestic waste industry in Tumen Town, Gulang County, Wuwei City, Gansu ProvinceTable 4 On line monitoring results of flue gas from rural decentralized domestic waste pyrolysis and gasification treatment project/
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