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Research Progress of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells with Metal-Foam Flow Fields
AI Xianwei, WEI Lin, GUO Jian, CHE Shuai, JIANG Fangming
Advances in New and Renewable Energy ›› 2024, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (1) : 24-34.
PDF(4247 KB)
PDF(4247 KB)
Research Progress of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells with Metal-Foam Flow Fields
({{custom_author.role_en}}), {{javascript:window.custom_author_en_index++;}}Metal-foam is a novel multifunctional material with exceptional properties, including high porosity, high electrical conductivity, good heat transfer ability, and low weight. Embedding metal-foam as flow fields in proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is gaining increasing attention in recent years. This paper reviews the latest research progress on PEMFC flow fields, investigates the impact of metal-foam structural parameters, flow field design, and environmental factors on the performance of PEMFC in terms of power density, gas distribution, pressure drop, and water-and-heat management. Furthermore, the corrosion and flooding problems faced by metal-foam flow fields in PEMFC applications are discussed, and the research advancements made on metal-foam with corrosion-resistant coatings are highlighted. This work provides useful insights for developing and optimizing PEMFC metal-foam flow fields, and expects to deliver implications for advancing metal foam applications in PEMFCs.
metal-foam / proton exchange membrane fuel cell / flow field design / corrosion / water and heat management {{custom_keyword}} /
Table 1 Metal-foam width and thickness configurations and corresponding PEMFC peak power[28]表1 泡沫金属宽度和厚度方案及PEMFC峰值功率[28] |
| 方案 | 流道的长 × 宽 × 厚/mm | 肋的宽度/mm | 流场类型 | 峰值功率/W |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 50 × 1 × 1 | 1 | 平行流场 | 6.76 |
| 2 | 50 × 1 × 1 | 1 | 泡沫流场 | 7.31 |
| 3 | 50 × 3 × 1 | 1 | 平行流场 | 6.05 |
| 4 | 50 × 3 × 1 | 1 | 泡沫流场 | 7.83 |
| 5 | 50 × 5 × 1 | 1 | 平行流场 | 5.56 |
| 6 | 50 × 5 × 1 | 1 | 泡沫流场 | 9.26 |
| 7 | 50 × 5 × 2 | 1 | 泡沫流场 | 8.69 |
| 8 | 50 × 5 × 3 | 1 | 泡沫流场 | 7.75 |
Fig. 8 Porosity distribution in metal-foam: (a) decrease gradually in diagonal direction; (b) decrease steeply in diagonal direction; (c) increase steeply in diagonal direction; (d) decrease in horizontal direction; (e) decrease in vertical direction[31]图8 泡沫金属中孔隙率分布：（a）沿对角方向缓慢下降;（b）沿对角方向快速下降;（c）沿对角方向快速增加;（d）沿水平方向下降;（e）沿垂直方向下降[31] |
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Fig. 1 Macroscopic (left) and microscopic (right) morphology of metal-foam[9]Fig. 2 Schematic diagram of the basic structure of PEMFCFig. 3 Bipolar plate flow field designs[16]Fig. 4 (a) 3D wavy flow field; (b) gradient 3D wavy flow field; (c) schematic cross-section of wavy flow field; (d) polarization curves for different flow fields[22]Fig. 5 (a) 3D flow field; (b) pressure drop curves for different cathode channel inclinations[24]Fig. 6 Power density of foam metal with different apertures versus serpentine flow field[27]Fig. 7 Metal-foam flow fields of different widths[28]
Table 1 Metal-foam width and thickness configurations and corresponding PEMFC peak power[28]Fig. 8 Porosity distribution in metal-foam: (a) decrease gradually in diagonal direction; (b) decrease steeply in diagonal direction; (c) increase steeply in diagonal direction; (d) decrease in horizontal direction; (e) decrease in vertical direction[31]Fig. 9 FGPM proposed by KERMANI et al.[32]Fig. 10 Polarization curves of nickel foam flow fields with different initial thicknesses[35]Fig. 11 SEM images of nickel foam: (a) top view before compression; (b) top view after compression; (c-f) cross section after compression (initial thickness are 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mm)[30]Fig. 12 Different flow field design[36]Fig. 13 Metal-foam configurations: (a) whole metal-foam; (b-d) metal-foam with bends; (e) conventional parallel serpentine channels[37]Fig. 14 Schematic representation of the metal-foam structure at low relative humidity[39]Fig. 15 Performance curves at different temperatures: (a) 40-85 °C; (b) 90 °C[35]Fig. 16 Performance curves of metal-foam fuel cells at different back pressures[35]/
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